Alabama Cosmetology Licensing Practice Exam

The correct option correctly highlights that the pH level significantly impacts the hair's cuticle, structure, and color retention. To elaborate, the pH scale measures how acidic or alkaline a solution is, with a range from 0 to 14, where 7 is neutral. Hair itself has a natural pH level of around 4.5 to 5.5, which is slightly acidic.

When acid or alkaline products are applied to hair, they can alter the pH, affecting the cuticle—the outer protective layer of hair. An appropriate pH level helps to keep the hair cuticle closed, which results in smoother and shinier hair. Conversely, if hair is exposed to a high pH (more alkaline), the cuticle can lift, making hair more porous. This increased porosity can alter the hair’s structure, leading to frizz, dryness, and color fading.

Additionally, the pH level is crucial for color-treated hair. When hair is dyed, the cuticle must be lifted to allow color to penetrate. If the pH is not carefully controlled, it can lead to poor color adherence and premature fading, affecting the longevity and vibrancy of the color.

Other choices do not encompass the full range of effects